Valuing Coastal Wetlands

Taking a different approach, resource economists at Michigan State University are conducting research to identify economic values of coastal wetlands in order to reflect their true worth. Coastal wetlands have values that may not be captured by land prices. Researchers have conducted focus groups recently in preparation for an upcoming survey to identify what people know and value about wetlands. The researchers want to determine the extent to which survey methods can be used to measure the non-market values of coastal wetlands.

“People seem to have some idea that wetlands provide wildlife habitat,” says researcher Dr. Michael Kaplowitz, “but they are less aware of some of the other functions that wetlands provide.”

In essence, researchers hope to understand the trade-offs that people are willing to accept in relation to wetlands, such as ecological functions, wildlife habitat, recreational, educational and aesthetic value. In this way, says Kaplowitz, communities will have more accurate knowledge of the economic value of wetlands as they face planning and development decisions.

Resource managers, individual residents and shoreline property owners all play a role in wetland protection. Sea Grant and other organizations provide educational materials for managers, local politicians, homeowners and others on how to manage wetlands and coastal areas in an environmentally sensible way.

The political arena is also important. “Education must extend to our lawmakers,” says Webb. “Understanding the importance of wetlands in terms of ecological services such as water purification is critically important.”

Recognizing the many recreational opportunities that wetlands provide may also encourage their protection, says Sea Grant’s Walter Hoagman. He notes that as more people visit coastal areas to participate in bird watching and other recreational hobbies, the economy of small communities will benefit.

“We need to recognize that these diverse coastal wetlands are here,” says Hoagman, “and work to educate people about their critical values in order to protect them for years to come.